Boat-lowering device.



J. PHILIPPI.

BOAT LOWERING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 4. 1915.

Patented Sept. 5,1916;

3 SHEETS-SHEET L INVENTOR fico Pk -75a WITNESSES A TTOR/VEYS J.PHILIPPL' BOAT LOWERING DEVICE.

APPLICATION .HLED NOV. 4. 1915.

Patented Sept. 5,1916.-

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1. PHILIPP I; BOAT LOWE-RIM DEVICE. APPLICATION men msv. 4. 191a.

Patented Sept. 541916.

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JACOB PHILIPPI, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

BOAT-LOWERING DEVICE.

Application filed November 4, 1915.

To all whom it may 0072067 77 Be it known that I, Jaooe Pi-rrmrri, acitizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New Yorkborough of Manhattan, in the county and State of New York, have inventeda new and Improved Boat- Lowering Device, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to lowering devices for boats, as for instance,life boats on a ship, and has for an object the provision of an improvedconstruction and arrangement whereby the boat is normally held properlyin position on the ship but continually in condition for quick loweringregardless of the degree of listing of the ship.

Another object in view is to provide a lowering device for boats whichnormally holds the boats inverted while on a ship but which turns theboat over as the same moves to the deck level or other predeterminedlevel, and previous to the filling of the boat with passengers.

A still further object in view is to provide an improved boat loweringconstruction which will move the boat clear of the ship and then lowerthe same, the construction including a brake mechanism and an automaticChecking mechanism so that the speed of the boat may be varied or theboat entirely stopped at any point during the lowering operation.

, A further object in view is to provide a boat lowering device whichwill readily lower the boat, the same being used in connection with whatmay be termed a sled for guiding the boat over the side of a ship whenthe ship lists.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is an end view of a boat andlowering device embodying the invention, the front inclosing wall beingbroken away for illustrating certain of the operating parts, certainparts being also shown in dotted lines for illustrating the movement ofthe boat and operating mechanism; Fig. 2 is a side view of the structureshown in Fig. 1., certain parts of the casing being broken away -forillustrating the operating parts; Fig. 3 is a sectional view throughFig. 2 on line 33. Fig. 1 is a detail view of the friction provided withpulleys and cables which Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 5, 1916.

Serial No. 59,574.

must be properly manipulated to swing the boat free of the ship and tothen lower the boat. In case a ship should list the boats on one sidecould be used while the boats on the opposite side would become uselesswhere the ordinary davit or certain other of the well knownconstructions are in use. In the present construction means have beenpro vided which will allow free use of all of the life boats of a shipregardless of the list. In fact, the boats may be lowered at any timebefore the sinking of the ship or the complete turning over of the ship.

In the drawings one embodiment of the invention has been disclosedshowing the principle involved but it is of course understood that theparts may be rearranged in various ways and without departing from thespirit of the invention.

' Referring to the accompanying drawings by numerals, 1 and 2 indicatesupports while 3, 1 and 5 indicate auxiliary supports and. inclosingmeans. These inclosing means may be sheet iron or any other suitablematerial which will properly protect the various operating parts bothagainst the elements and against tampering by unauthorized persons. Itis evident that the supports 1, 2 and 3 could be made of various sizesand may be of different shape provided they properly support the partsmounted thereon. The supports 1 and 2 are provided with pins 6 on whichthe boat rests 7 and 8 are positioned when the parts are in theirassembled position. The supports 7 and 8 may be made of any material aswell as the remaining features of the device. However, these supportsare pre'lerably formed with projections 9 and 10 (Figs. 3) forpreventing the boat 11 from moving sidewise, and, in fact, for holdingthe various parts in proper relative positions. These supports may beindependent and preferably are connected together by bars 12.

Mounted on the boat 11 when the same is in its normal stored position isa construction 13 which may be termed a sled. This sled is providedwith, runners 141 connected by comparatively large tubes 15 and 16 andalso by a bar 17. A bracing bar 18 connects the outer part of therunners 1 1 with an arm 19 adapted to fit the contour of the boat 11, asmore clearly shown in Fig. 1. If desired, the runners 11, bracingmembers 18 and the arms 19 may be formed from a strike the water in theproper manner.

single piece of material or may be formed independently. The runners ofthe sled are preferably made of an appreciable length so as to hold theboat in an upright position as the same slides over the 'side of a shipwhich has listed, and also to allow the boat to easily pass overobstructions or openings. The outer ends of the runners 1st providemeans whereby the runners freely slide over any obstruction or openingon the side of a ship, whereby the boat 11 is allowed to The tubularconstruction of members 15 and 16 is such that they not only act asbraces for the runners and associated parts but as floats for taking upsubstantially all of the weight of the sled 13 as the sled and boatenter the water and thereby prevent any tilting of the boat. As soon asthe boat is supported by the water the automatic releasing catch or hook24 operates and there by frees the boat from the sled so that the boatmay be floated off while the sled is still connected with the mechanismon the boat which raises and lowers the same.

The aim in launching a boat is to launch the same in such a manner as toinsure the occupants against spilling or against the entrance of aconsiderable quantity of water by reason of any tilting or turning ofthe boat. The sled 13 holds the boat in a proper upright position as itpasses over the side of a ship in case a ship has listed, and when theboat strikes the water the sled is automatically released from the boatwhereby the boat is not interfered with by the sled. In case the shiphas not listed the boat 11 will naturally move down in the usual manner,the same being suspended by a chain 21 hereinafter fully described. Inorder to properly hold the sled 13 in position the same is provided withan extension 22 at each end to which the chain 21 is connected and towhich the boat is connected through a suitable cable or other device 23,which cable or other device is connected to the boat 11 through anautomatic release 2% adapted to release the boat as soon as the boatstrikes the water, said release device being of a well known type andtherefore forming no part of the present invention.

In order to utilize the boat 11 and also the sled 13 it is of coursenecessary to turn the boat over and move the same so as to clear theside of the ship adjacent the deck.

This is done as shown more particularly in Figs. 1 and 3, the mechanismparticularly used being a system of levers and certain members foroperating the same. It will be seen that the first movement of the boat11 and the supports 7 and 8 is laterally or outwardly and then thesupports are gradually turned, together with the boat, from an invertedposition to the dotted position shown in Fig. 1, and from thence to thesec- 0nd dotted position. In the second dotted position the boat is inthe correct upright position and certain mechanisms hereinafter fullydescribed are operated for lowering the boat until it is level with thedeck or lowering the same to any other convenient point so as to permitthe passengers to enter therein. After the boat has been loaded the sameis lowered by paying out the chain 21 to the desired extent. By reasonof the sled 13 the boat may be lowered in a proper upright positionregardless of whether or not the ship has listed. If the ship has notlist ed the boat will naturally move straight down to the water but ifthe boat has listed in one direction the sled 13 will naturally engagethe sides of the boat and move over said sides until the boat issupported by the water. In order to accomplish these results a lever 25is pivotally mounted at 26 to each of the supports 7 and 8, said leversbeing connected with a second lever 27 pivotally mounted at 28 on therespective supports 1 and 2.

The detail construction shown in Figs. 1 and 3 will now be described,which refers to one of the lever mechanisms, but as the other levermechanism is identical therewith said description will naturally applythereto.

Lever 27 has a. link 29 pivotally connected therewith at 30, said linkalso being pivotally connected at 31 with an extension 32 of thesegmental rack 33. The rack 33 meshes with pinion 34, which pinion isrigidly secured to shaft 35 and to which is rigidly connected a sheave36 carrying the chain 21. WVhen the segmental gear 33 is moved to thedotted position shown in Fig. 3, link 29 will press against lever 27 formoving the lever to the dotted position shown in said figure, and aslever 27 moves the same will move lever 25 together with supports 7 and3 and the boat and sled mounted thereon so that the respective partswill assume the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3. lVhen the boatis in this position the segmental gear 33 is disengaged from pinion 3 1and the boat moves by gravity downwardly to the position shown inFig. 1. The segmental gear 33 is moved by mechanism hereinafter fullydescribed so that the extension 32 will push against link 29, which linkin turn will push against the pin 37 ,which pin extends through the endof link 29, through a bracing link 38 pivotally mounted at 39 to member7 and also extends through the lever 27. This pushing action by link 29acts on lever 27 to swing the lower end thereof outwardly and also actson the bracing link 38 to swing the upper end outwardly and to causesaid link to assume a position which is substantially in a straight linewith the auxiliary bracing link 10 pivotally mounted at 41 on one of thesupports. The pivotal point 11 is rigidly connected with the auxiliarylink 4:0 and extends through the support i so that the same may berigidly secured to a release lever 42 provided with a stud 13 forengaging certain members hereinafter fully described for releasing themechanism which holds the sheave 36 against rotation.

When it is desired to remove the boat from the position shown in fulllines in Fig. 3 to the last position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, orto entirely lower the boat to the water, the pawl ls-L shown in Figs. 1and is thrown back or out of engagement with the ratchet wheel and crankelf is rotated manually. Crank i6 is rigidly secured to shaft 4E7, whichshaft has rigidly connected therewith a pinion 4S and also the arms 49and 50 of the speed control 51 shown in detail in Fig. i. The arms i9and 50 loosely engage friction members and 53, which members arenormally held away from the stationary ring Si by springs 55 and 56. Thering 5-1- is rigidly secured to support 5 and acts as a frictionsurfaceagainst which members 52 and 53 press in case shaft i7 rotates at anundesirable speed, whereupon the shaft would be checked. It is evidentthat the springs and 56 could be adjusted so as to cause the frictionmembers and 53 to operate at any suitable speed. The pinion 48 mesheswith a gear wheel 57, which gear wheel is rigidly secured to shaft 58,which shaft in turn carries a pinion 59 rigidly connected there with.Pinion 59 meshes with gear wheel 60, which latter gear wheel is rigidlyconnected to shaft extending from one end of the device to the other, asshown in Fig. 3, so as to operate the link and lever struc ture at bothends of the device simultaneously.

It will be observed that there is a sheave 36 at each end of the deviceand that these sheaves are connected with shaft 35 so that as the crank56 is rotated these sheaves will also be rotated for releasing thechains 21. The sheave 36 is so constructed as to cause the chain to bewound spirally thereon so as to insure a straight line pull and astraight unwinding action. The shaft 35 in addition to having gear wheel60 secured thereto has the pinion 3i secured thereto which is designedto mesh with the rack 33, as shown more clearly in Fig. 3. It will thusbe seen that by rotation of crank l6 shaft 35 together with the sheaves36 will be rotated and the segmental rack 33 will be operated for movingthe boat supports 7 and 8 outwardly at the same ratio as the chain 21 isreleased, the parts being properly proportioned for allowing the properfeeding of the chain without permitting an unnecessary lost motion. Thecrank l6 acts to move the boat out until rack 33 leaves pinion 34,whereupon the weight of the boat cured to shaft 58 and a friction band63,

one end of which is connected at (34 to lever 65 while the opposite endis connected to lever 65 at 66. Lever 65 is pivotally mounted at 67 tothe support i so that a movement in one direction will cause thefriction band (33 to be tigl'itened while movement in the oppositedirection will cause the band to be loosened. A spring (58 is connectedto the outer end of lever 65 and is adapted to be adjusted by a bolt 69for producing any desired tension on lever 65, said bolt passing througha lever '70 pivotally mounted on pin 4-1. A stop 72 limits the downwardmovement of lever so that the spring 68 normally holds the friction band63 in engagement with the friction wheel 62. However, in order torelease the friction band 63 a link 7 3 is connected with lever 65,which link in turn is pi votally connected with an extension H of thefoot lever 75, which foot lever is pivotally mounted on a shaft 76mounted in the various supports and 6X tending for the full length ofthe device, as shown in Fig. The lever 75 is rigidly secured to shaft 76and has extending therefrom a hand lever 77, whereby the link 73 may beoperated either by the foot or by the hand for stretching or overcomingthe tension of the spring 68 and thereby releasing the friction band 63which will allow the chain to feed out freely or at any desired saeedaccordin to the amount of iressure exerted on the lever and according tothe weight of the boat and its contents. The brake ($1 is arranged toact automatically,

that is it automaticallv becomes ti ht when lever 77 is released so thatthe movement of i the boat is automatically stopped unless the brake ispositively actuated or released. In order to produce this result inaddition to the automatic tightening of the brake, the irake is madesufliciently strong to support the boat and its contents at any point sothat in order to lower the beat this brake must be released as justdescribed, the degree of re leasing being determined by the operator inorder to allow the boat to move outwardly at the proper speed. Inconnection with the brake and the operating parts it is to be noted thatthe brake is automatically released when the parts F'G being movedupwardly to the dotted position shown in Fig. 3 so that the crank andassociated parts may be operated in order to move the boat to the fullline position shown in Fig.

without strain on the lever 75, if so desired.

In other words, the brake is normally sufficiently loose to allow themovement of the boat without the actuation of the levers 77 or 75 untilthe boat assumes the position shown in Fig. 3. As the boat assumes thisposition the various levers heretofore operated will move until lever 42has moved stud 43 so as to raise the arm or lever and thereby graduallybring the spring 68 under tension, and, consequently, bring the grippingband 63 under tension. When the parts are in the position shown in fulllines in Fig. 3 the boat is held in position by the chains 21 in aninverted position so that in a storm the boats will not become disturbedand washed overboard. The chains 21 rigidly hold the boat in positionwithout the use of lashing of any kind and presents the bottom of theboat to the waves which may wash over a ship carrying the boat.

In some instances it may be desirable to operate the lower mechanism byan operator standing in the boat. In a case of this kind a rope or cableof any kind may be secured to lever 77 and upon being pulled by theoperator the mechanism will be actuated for lowering. Under somecircumstances it might be diflicult for the operator to stand near lever77 and in order to overcome his inability to stand in this position awire mesh container or receptacle 8% is provided and secured to theplatform on which the device is mounted, the securing being in anydesired manner provided it is firmly and rigidly held in place.Preferably the lever extends through a suitable opening in the wire meshso that the operator standing in the cage or receptacle 84 may operatelever 75 or lever 77. The cage 84 is smaller at the top than at thebottom but is large enough for an operator to enter from the top and isarranged to extend to a position approximately half way between the kneeand the hip so that in case a wave attempts to wash him overboard he maypress his knees against the cage while operating the lever 77 and beheld in position thereby. The intention is to provide means for holdingthe operator in position while allowing him to have a free movement foroperating the lever 77 and for looking over occasionally at the boat. Byproviding a cage open at the top and constructed smaller at the top thanat the bottom, a retaining structure is presented which will allow aperfectly free movement of the operator while preventing the accidentalremoval of the operator by being blown or washed over board.

As heretofore described, shaft 41 shown in Fig. 3 has the lever 42rigidly connected therewith, which lever carries the pin 43. As shown inFig. 1, when the bracing levers 3S and 4-0 move to the dotted positionshown in Fig. 3 pin 13 will engage the under face of lever 70 to whichthe spring 68 is connected, and as the boat begins to move under gravitythe tension of spring 68 will be increased by pin 43 and lever 42 actingon lever 70 in such manner as to raise the same. By this constructionand arrangement the boat and associated parts would be left in theposition shown in Fig. 3 unless either lever 75 or lever 77 wasoperated. This is to prevent the accidental lowering of the boat or toprevent a person during excitement from lowering the boat at too great aspeed.

After the boat has been lowered it is automatically released asheretofore described and then the work of the device embodying theinvention is finished. If for any reason it should be desired to raisethe boat after it has been lowered, the boat may be connected to thechain 21 by any suitable means, as for instance, the usual automaticrelease 21, and then the chains may be wound by crank 16, pawl 44 beingmoved to the position shown in Fig. 1. It is evident that the operatoror some one must stand on the lever 75 or actuate lever 77 while this isbeing done. By actuating the lever 75 the boat will be raised to thelast position shown in Fig. 1 and then to the first dotted positionshown in Fig. 1, and finally to the full line position shown in Fig. 1,which is its permanent normal position. As the boat moves up and downthe chain 21 passes over the sheaves 80, 81, 82 and 83. hen the boatmoves to the first dotted position shown in Fig. 1 the chain 21 engagesthe sheave 83 and is about to leave the sheave 81. As the boat moves tothe second dotted position shown in Fig. 1 the chain engages the sheave82 and sheave 83 together with sheave 80. Upon the reverse movement thesheaves ustmentioned are engaged until the boat is in the dottedposition shown in Fig. 3, whereupon only sheaves and 81 are engaged.These sheaves are preferably comparatively deep so as to provide ampleguiding flanges for the chain in order to absolutely insure against anyaccidental dislocation thereof.

It is evident that slight changes and rearrangements of certain partsmay be made if desired withoutdeparting from the spirit of theinvention, provided the principle of the levers and associated parts ismaintained. For instance, various forms of housings could be usedwithout departing from the invention. In the drawings one form ofhousing is shown in which a metal casing 78 is used for covering themechanism at each end of the device, said casing overlapping the topexcept at the point where the supports 7 and 8 enter. The casing betweenwhat are termed the supports 1 and 4 is provided with a door 79, shownmore particularly in Fig. 3, which door may be provided with springhinges if desired or any other suitable form of hinges, and also with acatch of well known structure, the detail features of which form no partof the present invention. The

sheet iron casing between what are termed the supports 2 and 8 isprovided with a door similar to door 7 9 and will therefore need noadditional description.

What I claim is:

1. In a boat lowering device of the character described, a boat support,means for moving said boat support to anouter operative position, meansfor lowering a boat from said support, and a cage arranged adjacent saidlast mentioned means, said cage being open at the upper end whereby theoperator may be positioned in the cage and operate said last mentionedmeans without danger of falling.

In a boat lowering device of the character described, a boat support,means for moving said support outwardly and turning the same over sothat a boat thereon is turned from an inverted position to an up rightposition, lowering means removably connected with said boat, saidlowering means including a pair of chains and a sled for causing theboat to pass over obstructions and openings without appreciable tilting,a sheave for each of said chains formed of a width slightly greater thanthe width of the chain whereby the chain will be spirally wound thereonand thus the chains are fed mtwardly in a straight line, and means forcontrolling the operation of said sheaves whereby the boat may belowered at any desired speed.

3. In a boat lowering device of the character described, loweringmechanism for the boat, and, a sled for holding the boat in an uprightposition and for guiding the same over the side of a ship which haslisted, said sled comprising. a member overlapping the top of the boat,end members engaging the boat, runners connected with said end membersand arranged to engage the side of the ship, and bracing members actingas floats and adapted to present su'flicient buoyancy for supporting thesled, whereby there will be no tendency to cant the boat when the samestrikes the water. v

i. In a boat lowering device of the char acter described, a pair ofsupports for a boat, a system of levers for the supports, said leversbeing arranged to move the supports and the body carried therebyoutwardly so as to clear the ship and turn the boat over as the boat ismoved outwardly, suspending members for supporting the boat, some ofsaid members being flexible, sheaves for said flexible members, meansfor controlling the rotation of said sheaves whereby the speed ofmovement of the boat is regulated and a sled connected to saidsuspending members acting as a vehicle for guiding the boat overobstructions and openings.

In a boat lowering device of the character described, a pair of supportsfor a boat, a chain for clamping the boat to the supports, a sheave onwhich said chains are wound, a shaft connecting said sheaves, means forcontrolling the movement of said sheave as the boat is lowered, and alever mechanism for moving said supports so as to cause the boat toclear the ship and to turn over, said lever mechanism being firstoperated in timed relationship with the sheave and by mechanismconnected thereto and then operated under the action of gravity, andmeans for controlling the movement of the lever mechanism while actingunder the action of gravity.

6. In a boat lowering device of the character described, a supportingstructure for a boat, flexible members, means for connecting saidflexible members with said boat, sheaves for said flexible members,means for connecting said sheaves so as to operate the same together, atrain of gearing for actuating, said sheaves, a crank connected withsaid train of gearing for actuating said train, a lever mechanismengaging said support and arranged to move the same outwardly so as tocause the boat carried thereby to clear the ship, a rack connected withsaid lever mechanism and meshing with some of the gears of said trainwhereby said support is moved simultaneously with the movement of saidsheaves, and a frlctlon brake for regulating the speed of said sheavesafter said rack has moved out of mesh with said train, whereby the speedof movement of the boat during the lowering thereof will be regulated.

7. In a boat lowering device of the character described, a support for aboat, sup porting chains, means for connecting said chains with saidheat, a sheave for each of said chains, said chains bein wound on saidsheaves, a shaft connected with said sheaves so as to operate the samesimultaneously, a gear wheel secured to said shaft, a train of gears oneof which meshes with said gear wheel, a manually operated member foractuating said train of gears, a pinion secured to said shaft androtated thereby, a rack meshing with said pinion, a lever mechanismconnected with said support, a link for connecting said. rack with saidlever mechanism whereby said lever mechanism is operated simultaneouslywith the sheaves, said lever mechanism comprising levers arranged tomove the boat support outwardly and to turn the same over during themovement, a friction brake for regulating the speed of rotation of saidsheaves, and manually ope 'ated means for varying the action of saidfriction brake whereby the speed of lowering of the boat may beregulated.

8. In a boat lowering device of the character described, a support for aboat, a plurality of lever mechanisms for moving said support outwardlyand turning the same over, each of said lever mechanisms comprising apair of main levers pivotally connected together at one end, one of saidlevers being pivotally connected near the center of said support and theother being pivotally connected to a stationary standard, a bracing linkconnected to the outer edge of said boat support, an auxiliary bracinglever pivotally mounted to said stationary standard and to the free endof said bracing lever, an actuating link, a pin extending through saidactuating link, one of said main levers and intermediate the endsthereof and through said bracing link, a pivotally mounted rackconnected to the free end of said link whereby when said rack is movedsaid link will actuate said main levers and said bracing levers formoving said boat support outwardly and then turning the same over, apinion for actuating said rack, means for actuating said pinion,supporting chains, means for connecting said chains with said boat, andsheaves on which said chains are wound, said sheaves being connectedwith the means for actuating said pinion, whereby the sheaves are movedso that the chains are paid out in proper relationship to the movementof the boat support as said lever mechanism is actuated.

9. In a boat lowering device of the character described, a supportingframe comprising end supports and connecting bars, a supporting chainfor each end of said boat, means for connecting the chains with saidboat, sheaves on which said chains are wound, and lever mechanisms foractuating said frame, each of said lever mechanisms comprising a pair ofmain levers pivotally connected together at one end while the oppositeends are pivotally connected to a stationary support and to one of saidends respectively, the lever connected with said end being arrangedcentrally thereof while the lever pivotally connected to said stationarysupport having the pivotal connection arranged adjacent the outer edgeof the end, a supporting link pivotally connected to said end adjacentthe outer edge thereof, an auxiliary supporting link pivotally connectedto the free end of said first mentioned supporting link and to saidstationary support, an operating link connected to said supporting linkand to the main lever pivotally mounted on the stationary support, apivotally mounted member for moving said link substantiallylongitudinally whereby the main lever connected with said end will movesaid end outwardly so that the last mentioned main lever will pass theother main lever and said supporting links will gradually turn the endover, chains connected with said boat, and means for controlling themovement of said chains, said means being connected with the means foractuating said link whereby the parts are operated in timedrelationship.

10. In a boat lowering device of the character described, a boatsupporting frame, a lever mechanism for moving said frame outwardly andturning the same over, a pivotally mounted arm connected with said levermechanism and arranged to be swung thereby, a plurality of supportingchains, means for connecting said chains with said boat, sheaves onwhich the chains are wound, means for actuating said sheaves until theweight of the boat causes a pulling action on said chains, a brake forregulating the speed of said sheaves, a manually actuated member forreleasing said brake, and means actuated by the lever which is moved bythe lever mechanism whereby the brake is ap plied, said means actingagainst said manually operated structure.

11. In a boat lowering device of the character described, a boatsupporting frame, lever mechanism for moving said frame outwardly andturning the same over, a plurality of chains connected with. the boatmounted on said frame, a sheave for each of said chains, a manuallyoperated brake for regulating the speed of unwinding of said sheaves,and an automatically controlled friction member for limiting the speedof rotating of said sheaves.

12. In a boat lowering device of the character described, a boatsupporting frame, lever mechanisms for moving said frame outwardly andturning the same over, a plurality of chains connected with the boatmounted on said frame, a sheave for each of said chains, a manuallyoperated brake for regulating the speed of unwinding of said sheaves,and an automatically controlled friction member for limiting the speedof rotation of said sheaves, said automatic friction member comprising astationary friction ring, a pair of radially extending bars, frictionblocks loosely mounted on said bars, and resilient means for holdingsaid friction blocks away from said stationary ring, said resilientmeans being overcome by the centrifugal action of said friction blockswhen the speed of said sheaves has become too great.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

JACOB PHILIPPI. lVitnesses:

A. L. KiTorrIN, PHILIP D. RoLLHAUs.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner 01 latents, Washington, D. C.

